1.2. People-Centric Approach

They can also contribute their money, this is we called owner-driven and also there is the kind of NGO or contractor driven approach that can be 2 types; one is product-centric approach and people-centric approach. This product-centric approach where it is done by the NGO itself, it is mainly NGO driven or agency driven. People's-centric approach is more like a collaboration of partnership between people and the private agencies or NGO’s.

The people-centric approach emphasizes collaboration among community members and organizations like NGOs. In this model, individuals can invest their resources, making it 'owner-driven.' On the other hand, the product-centric approach is led by NGOs, focusing on providing specific products or services without strong local community involvement.

Imagine a community garden. In an owner-driven model, local residents pool their money and resources to create and maintain the garden together. In contrast, a product-centric approach might involve a gardening NGO providing plants and tools to the community, but without engaging them in the gardening process.

So, we have total 3 categories of models; 1, 2 and 3. So we can see clearly here also that there is one package from package number 2, there is owner-driven. And from package number 1, there are 2 that are NGO driven and community NGO partnership approach.

There are three categories of models used for reconstruction. These include an owner-driven model, where people control the process, and two forms of NGO-driven models: one solely managed by NGOs and another that requires partnership with the community. Each model offers different benefits depending on the context and needs of the affected individuals.

Think of these models like different ways to hold a community meeting. An owner-driven model may be everyone getting together to decide what to discuss and how to organize the meeting. The NGO-driven model could be like someone coming in planning the agenda without consulting the community, while the partnership model involves a facilitator who asks for community input while still guiding the process.

What they have done in Gujarat; post-disaster interventions, they Rs.1 lakh was made to the next of kin of each of the deceased person, Rs.1250 rupees per family was given as the household kits was to provided.

After disasters, specific financial assistance was provided to support affected families. Each family who lost a member received 1 lakh rupees, while 1,250 rupees were allocated for household kits, ensuring families had resources to begin rebuilding their lives.

Imagine a neighborhood hit by a storm. To help families recover, aid organizations might offer checks to families who lost loved ones and provide them with starter kits containing basic necessities like food, cleaning supplies, and clothing to help them restart their daily life.

Shelter reconstruction; some of the reports here; now, progress of housing reconstructions in Kutch, number of total destroyed houses was 1 lakh 56,000 little more than that in Kutch area, and that was planned by the NGO was around 50,000 among them, the under-construction house right now that time 2003 was little more than 6000, completed almost 40,000 thousand little less than that.

In Kutch, a significant number of houses (over 156,000) were destroyed in a disaster, with plans from NGOs to construct around 50,000 homes. As of 2003, over 6,000 homes were still under construction while approximately 40,000 homes had been completed, demonstrating active efforts toward re-establishing shelter for affected families.

Picture a school building that collapsed. The local community and NGOs come together to rebuild it. Initially, they plan to build 500 rooms, and while many are still being constructed, they have successfully finished 300 of them, showing progress in restoring an important community resource.

What was the level of satisfaction according to the Abhiyan 2003 survey, an NGO called Abhiyan that NGO 80% people that those buildings were constructed by NGO 80% are satisfied and in case of owner-driven, 91% were satisfied.

According to a survey conducted in 2003, 80% of individuals living in NGO-constructed homes reported satisfaction with their housing, while owner-driven constructions had an even higher satisfaction rate of 91%. This indicates that when communities have a hand in their reconstruction, there tends to be a higher level of contentment.

Think about someone getting a custom-made phone case versus a pre-made one. The person who designed their case to their tastes is likely to be much happier with their purchase, just as families are more satisfied with homes they helped to build.

Study area; we conducted surveys in 3 areas, I would like to show in different approaches and models and their case studies. One is NGO agency driven approach in Hajapar...

In Hajapar, various community dynamics were surveyed, revealing the segmentation among different social groups. This segmentation influences how reconstruction efforts are received and implemented, highlighting the importance of understanding community structures in disaster recovery.

Imagine a diverse classroom where students come from different backgrounds. If a teacher wants to help them learn, they need to understand each student's unique experiences and challenges. Similarly, in Hajapar, understanding community segments allows NGOs to tailor their approaches for effective recovery.

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