Then we have outcome-based criteria; these are participations from what we can achieve from the participations what are the outcomes it not necessary that if you follow a particular process an ideal process of participation it not necessary that it would deliver you a good outcome good effective outcome. So then outcome-based criterias we expect that what are the results expected desired results okay.

And what are the mechanisms to channel communities demand, reduce delay in difficult decision-making, enhance ownership, build consensus etc and ensure mutual trust, respect, ownership, transparency, accountability, conflict resolution and consensus-building, and cost and time effective.

On the left-hand side we have process of public participation, on the right-hand side, we have outcomes of public participation like for the process of public participations we may consider early engagement of the community and representations of. So early engagement of the community it means that community should be involved from the very beginning of the participations.

Community is not a black box there are a lot of differences among themselves some is based on class, based on gender, based on caste, status. So we should ensure, try to ensure that all the representative of all sections should participate into this process.

Many cases that we discussed with the community but we do not have any agreed objectives, or maybe we do not have any clear objectives. It is always evolving, so it is better to make a very clear objectives.

It is not that you asked them invited them to participate in the very beginning and then you forgot them. No, you should not forget them you should actually continue consultations with them involving them in every sphere of the planning process.

Fairness is a kind of component that we discussed that we are saying that okay is sometimes people participate but it is just a physical participations they do not have any power or the freedom to express their own opinions.

We should remember that many cases people are invited, people are engaged, but maybe the financial agency the major financial resources that is coming from the external agencies. Community has less contribution financially then what is the case that the external agency they consult with the community they involve them throughout the process, but when they make the decision, when they make the plan there is no reflections of community’s opinions observations and suggestions.

Capacity building means that the community in order to engage with other stakeholders to negotiate with other, to bargain with other, or to involve in discussions critical discussions they should have certain knowledge or skills.

There should be enough skill like face to face and using local language not to widen the scope of the program exercise.

Many cases that latent knowledge, tacit knowledge that are important. So we should try to grab that knowledge people experience, people use their experience and their traditional living with the same place that develop a knowledge.

Another one is the outcome of public participation, like participation should be successful in terms of implementations.

Transparency and accountability, like that what is the cost of the projects, who are benefiting out of it okay.

Mutual trust, that should be achieved through participations, stakeholders should believe among themselves they should be able to resolve conflict, distrust among themselves that would called an ideal participations.

Ownership feeling that when you are achieving when you are finishing some projects, the project is made for the community themselves.

Another one is the cost-effective, using local knowledge and other natural resources locally available resources and involving people their labour their roles and responsibilities would effectively reduce the cost that would be self-sustainable.