Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulic Machines | Hydraulic Turbines by Pavan | Learn Smarter
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Hydraulic Turbines

Hydraulic turbines are essential machines that convert the kinetic and potential energy of water into mechanical energy, playing a significant role in hydroelectric power generation. They are classified based on head operation, flow direction, and action type. Understanding hydraulics, efficiencies, and the unique characteristics of various turbine types, including Pelton, Francis, and Kaplan turbines, is crucial for optimizing energy conversion in hydro systems.

Sections

  • 1

    Introduction To Hydraulic Turbines

    Hydraulic turbines convert water's potential and kinetic energy into mechanical energy, playing a crucial role in hydroelectric power plants.

    Learning Practice

  • 2

    Classification Of Water Turbines

    This section discusses the classification of hydraulic turbines based on head of operation, direction of flow, and action type.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.1

    Head Of Operation

    This section discusses the classification of hydraulic turbines based on their head of operation, including high, medium, and low heads.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.2

    Direction Of Flow

    This section covers the classification of hydraulic turbines based on the direction of fluid flow, such as axial, radial, and mixed flow.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.3

    Action Type

    This section introduces the action types of hydraulic turbines, including impulse and reaction turbines, which are critical for converting water energy into mechanical power.

    Learning Practice

  • 3

    Hydraulic Head And Efficiencies

    This section discusses hydraulic head, including gross and net heads, and the different types of efficiencies relevant to hydraulic turbines.

    Learning Practice

  • 4

    Velocity Triangles In Turbines

    Velocity triangles are essential for analyzing the energy transfer in hydraulic turbines, capturing the relationship between blade speed and fluid velocities.

    Learning Practice

  • 5

    Pelton Wheel (Impulse Turbine)

    The Pelton wheel is an impulse turbine designed for high head and low flow applications, converting the potential energy of water into kinetic energy to generate mechanical power.

    Learning Practice

  • 6

    Francis Turbine (Reaction Turbine)

    The Francis turbine is a type of reaction turbine designed for medium head and medium flow applications, characterized by its mixed flow design.

    Learning Practice

  • 7

    Kaplan Turbine (Axial Flow Reaction Turbine)

    The Kaplan turbine is an efficient axial flow reaction turbine designed for low head applications with high discharge rates.

    Learning Practice

References

Module VII_ Hydraulic Turbines.pdf

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • Hydraulic turbines are cruc...
  • Turbines can be classified ...
  • Understanding velocity tria...

Final Test

Revision Tests