Rotodynamic Machines
The chapter focuses on the momentum equation and various methods of flow measurement in fluid dynamics. It covers fundamental equations including the Navier-Stokes equations and Bernoulli's equation, detailing their applications and implications in analyzing fluid behavior. Various instruments, such as orifices, Venturimeters, and Pitot tubes, are introduced for measuring flow rates and velocities in different flow conditions.
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What we have learnt
- The momentum equation is derived from Newton's second law and accounts for both internal and external forces on fluids.
- Bernoulli's equation relates fluid pressure, velocity, and height and is essential for understanding energy conservation in fluid flow.
- Instruments like the Venturimeter and Pitot tube are utilized in practical applications for flow measurement, each with its own principles and equations.
Key Concepts
- -- Momentum Equation
- An equation derived from Newton’s Second Law that describes the change of momentum in a control volume due to external forces.
- -- Navier–Stokes Equations
- A set of equations that describe the motion of viscous fluid substances, complex to solve in most cases.
- -- Bernoulli’s Equation
- A principle that describes the conservation of energy for flowing fluids and is derived from Euler’s equations.
- -- Venturimeter
- A device that measures flow rate using the pressure difference between two points in a pipe based on Bernoulli's principle.
- -- Pitot Tube
- An instrument used to measure fluid velocity by assessing the difference in pressure between the stagnant and moving fluid.
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