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Vectors and gene delivery systems play a crucial role in genetic engineering, facilitating the transfer of genetic material into host cells through biological and physical methods. Commonly used vectors such as plasmids, bacteriophages, and artificial chromosomes vary in their applications and efficiency. Gene delivery systems can be categorized as viral or non-viral, with each method having specific advantages and disadvantages based on the target organism and the nature of the genetic material to be delivered.
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Class Notes
Memorization
What we have learnt
- Vectors serve as vehicles f...
- Different types of vectors ...
- Gene delivery systems can b...
Revision Tests
What we have learnt
- Vectors serve as vehicles for transferring genetic material to host cells.
- Different types of vectors include plasmids, bacteriophages, cosmids, and artificial chromosomes, each with unique properties.
- Gene delivery systems can be either viral or non-viral, influenced by factors like target species and gene size.
Key Concepts
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Term: Vector
Definition: A vector is a vehicle used to transfer foreign genetic material into a host cell, ensuring that the genetic material can replicate and express within the host.
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Term: Plasmids
Definition: Small circular DNA molecules that replicate independently in bacteria, often used in genetic engineering due to their ease of manipulation.
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Term: Viral Vectors
Definition: Modified viral agents used to deliver genetic material into host cells, capable of effective DNA integration.
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Term: NonViral Delivery Methods
Definition: Techniques such as microinjection, electroporation, and gene guns that introduce genetic material into cells without using viruses.
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Term: Gene Gun
Definition: A device that shoots DNA-coated particles into plant cells, facilitating gene transfer through high-velocity impacts.