1. Boundary Layer Theory
The chapter covers the boundary layer theory, detailing the behavior of fluid flow over solid surfaces and the influence of viscous forces. It describes the formation of the boundary layer, characterized by a velocity gradient due to the no slip condition. There is an emphasis on distinguishing between the laminar and turbulent flow zones within the boundary layer, along with theoretical implications in various engineering contexts, especially in hydraulic applications.
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What we have learnt
- The boundary layer is a thin region near a solid surface where the velocity of the fluid varies from zero to the free stream velocity.
- Prandtl's theory divides fluid flow into the boundary layer and the outer flow region, each having distinct characteristics.
- The growth of the boundary layer over a flat plate involves transition from laminar to turbulent flow influenced by Reynolds number.
Key Concepts
- -- No Slip Boundary Condition
- A condition in fluid mechanics where the velocity of fluid in contact with a solid boundary is equal to the velocity of that boundary.
- -- Boundary Layer Thickness
- The distance from the solid surface to the point in the fluid where the velocity reaches approximately 99% of the free stream velocity.
- -- Reynolds Number
- A dimensionless quantity used to predict flow patterns in different fluid flow situations, defined as the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces.
- -- Laminar Flow
- A type of fluid flow characterized by smooth, constant fluid motion, typically occurring at low Reynolds numbers.
- -- Turbulent Flow
- A type of fluid flow characterized by chaotic changes in pressure and flow velocity, typically occurring at high Reynolds numbers.
Additional Learning Materials
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