20. Non-Uniform Flow and Hydraulic Jump (Contd.)
This chapter discusses non-uniform flow and hydraulic jumps in hydraulic engineering, focusing on the calculation of the rate of change of water depth in channels and the identification of gradually varied flow profiles. It emphasizes the use of Manning's equation and the relationships between flow parameters to determine flow profiles under various conditions. Key concepts include types of slopes and the characteristics of hydraulic jumps.
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What we have learnt
- The rate of change of water depth can be determined using relationships between bed slope, friction slope, and flow characteristics.
- Different types of gradually varied flow can be categorized based on the relationship between normal depth and critical depth.
- Hydraulic jumps are significant transitions in flow that result from variations in channel geometry and flow conditions.
Key Concepts
- -- Gradually Varied Flow (GVF)
- A type of flow where the depth of water changes slowly along the length of the channel, typically characterized by the relationship of different slopes.
- -- Hydraulic Jump
- A rapidly varied flow phenomenon characterized by a sudden change in flow depth, usually resulting in an increase in energy and a decrease in flow velocity.
- -- Manning's Equation
- A formula used to estimate the velocity of water in open channels, accounting for the roughness of the channel surface, channel slope, and cross-sectional area.
- -- Critical Depth
- The depth of flow in an open channel at which the specific energy is minimized, influencing the type of flow profile.
- -- Bed Slope (S0)
- The slope of the channel bed, which can significantly affect the flow characteristics and the type of; gradually varied profile.
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