24. Pipe flow (Contd)
The chapter delves into hydraulic engineering focusing on pipe flow, emphasizing the dynamics of pressure and shear stress distributions in entrance and fully developed flow regions. Key concepts highlighted include the importance of understanding pressure drops and the conditions for achieving fully developed laminar flow in pipes. Additionally, the chapter discusses methods to derive flow equations using Newton's second law, Navier-Stokes equations, and dimensional analysis.
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Sections
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What we have learnt
- In pipe flow, an entrance pressure drop occurs that is influenced by the flow type, either laminar or turbulent.
- Fully developed flow indicates a constant pressure drop per unit length, simplifying the analysis of flow dynamics.
- The derivation of fully developed laminar flow can be performed using multiple approaches, laying groundwork for complex fluid dynamics problems.
Key Concepts
- -- Entrance Pressure Drop
- The pressure drop that occurs when fluid first enters a pipe, which varies based on flow type.
- -- Fully Developed Flow
- A flow condition where the velocity profile does not change along the flow direction, resulting in a constant pressure gradient.
- -- Poiseuille’s Law
- Describes the volumetric flow rate through a cylindrical pipe in terms of pressure gradient, fluid viscosity, and pipe dimensions.
- -- Shear Stress
- The stress component that acts parallel to the surface of the material; in pipe flow, it varies linearly with radial distance.
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