5. The Tribal India – Past, Present and Future
The chapter explores the rich cultural heritage and socio-economic challenges faced by tribal communities in India, emphasizing their historical marginalization, current struggles, and potential future pathways for empowerment. It highlights the impact of colonialism, post-independence policies, and contemporary issues like land alienation and cultural erosion. The chapter advocates for a development model that respects tribal identities and promotes inclusivity while ensuring self-reliance and dignity for these communities.
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Sections
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What we have learnt
- Tribal communities, known as Adivasis, are integral to India's cultural diversity.
- Historical and contemporary challenges include land rights issues, cultural erosion, and lack of access to education and health care.
- Empowerment strategies must include education, sustainable development, political representation, and cultural preservation.
Key Concepts
- -- Adivasis
- Indigenous communities in India with unique cultural practices and historical disadvantages.
- -- Scheduled Tribes
- Communities recognized by the Indian government for special protection and affirmative action due to historical disadvantages.
- -- Forest Rights Act
- A law aimed at recognizing the rights of forest-dwelling communities to access and manage forest resources.
- -- PESA Act
- The Panchayats Extension to Scheduled Areas Act, which grants self-governance and local governance rights to tribal areas.
- -- Cultural Erosion
- The loss of cultural identity and traditions faced by tribal communities due to modernization and external influences.
Additional Learning Materials
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