4.5. EXERCISES

1. Multiple choice questions.

i) Who amongst the following was the first to consider the possibility of Europe, Africa and America having been located side by side. (a) Alfred Wegener (c) Abraham Ortelius (b) Antonio Pellegrini (d) Edmond Hess

ii) Polar fleeing force relates to: (a) Revolution of the Earth (c) Rotation of the earth (b) Gravitation (d) Tides

(iii) Which one of the following is not a minor plate? (a) Nazca (c) Philippines (b) Arabia (d) Antarctica

(iv) Which one of the following facts was not considered by those while discussing the concept of sea floor spreading? (a) Volcanic activity along the mid-oceanic ridges. (b) Stripes of normal and reverse magnetic field observed in rocks of ocean floor. (c) Distribution of fossils in different continents. (d) Age of rocks from the ocean floor.

(v) Which one of the following is the type of plate boundary of the Indian plate along the Himalayan mountains? (a) Ocean-continent convergence (b) Divergent boundary (c) Transform boundary (d) Continent-continent convergence

This chunk comprises a series of multiple-choice questions related to the theories of continental drift and plate tectonics. These questions assess students' understanding and knowledge of fundamental concepts including the pioneering scientists in the field and the forces related to continental movement.

Think of these questions as a quiz that helps us remember a story. When we learn a good story, we often have questions about the plot twists or character motivations, just like these questions assess our grasp of important ideas in science.

2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.

i) What were the forces suggested by Wegener for the movement of the continents?

(ii) How are the convectional currents in the mantle initiated and maintained?

(iii) What is the major difference between the transform boundary and the convergent or divergent boundaries of plates?

(iv) What was the location of the Indian landmass during the formation of the Deccan Traps?

This chunk contains short-answer questions that prompt students to condense their understanding of the forces behind continental movement, the role of convection in the mantle, differences between plate boundaries, and the historical geography of the Indian landmass.

Imagine preparing for a trivia night. You need to clearly remember certain facts but keep them concise, just like answering these questions without going into too much detail.

3. Answer the following questions in about 150 words.

i) What are the evidences in support of the continental drift theory?

(ii) Bring about the basic difference between the drift theory and Plate tectonics.

(iii) What were the major post-drift discoveries that rejuvenated the interest of scientists in the study of distribution of oceans and continents?

This section consists of essay-type questions that require deeper thinking and elaboration. Students will need to articulate their understanding of various pieces of evidence supporting continental drift, draw comparisons with plate tectonics, and discuss significant discoveries that influenced geological studies post the initial drift theories.

Consider these questions as essay prompts for a writing class. Just as the depth and detail of your responses in an essay can impress your readers, thorough answers can demonstrate your understanding in science.

Project Work Prepare a collage related to damages caused by an earthquake.

This chunk invites students to engage creatively with the subject matter. By preparing a collage about earthquake damages, they can visually express their understanding of the impact of tectonic movements and the realities of seismic activity.

Think of this project as creating a visual storybook about earthquakes. Just as a storybook illustrates themes and characters, a collage can depict the physical realities of seismic events and their consequences in a vivid manner.

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