3. Equality
The chapter discusses the concept of equality and its significance as a moral and political ideal recognized across various religions and ideologies. It examines the complexities of inequality present in society, differentiating between natural and socially produced inequalities, and explores three dimensions of equality: political, social, and economic. Furthermore, it underscores the roles of various ideologies like socialism, feminism, and liberalism in addressing these inequalities.
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What we have learnt
- Equality is a fundamental moral and political ideal that asserts all human beings possess equal worth.
- Inequalities around us are often socially constructed rather than natural, and addressing these inequalities requires understanding their sources.
- There are three main dimensions of equality: political, social, and economic, which must be addressed to foster a just society.
Key Concepts
- -- Political Equality
- Refers to granting equal citizenship rights, including the right to vote and participate in governance, which is necessary for a functioning democracy.
- -- Social Inequality
- Inequality arising from societal norms, customs, and structures that prevent individuals from competing equally for resources and opportunities.
- -- Affirmative Action
- Policies aimed at improving opportunities for historically marginalized groups, often through preferential treatment or quotas in education and employment.
- -- Natural Inequalities
- Differences between individuals that arise from inherent characteristics, such as physical ability, which are generally considered unchangeable.
- -- Socially Produced Inequalities
- Inequalities that arise from social structures and are created by societal norms, policies, and institutions, often reflecting deeper systemic issues.
Additional Learning Materials
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