2. Kings, Farmers and Towns EARLY STATES AND ECONOMIES (C. 600 все-600 се)
The chapter outlines significant developments in early Indian history, particularly focusing on the emergence of early states, towns, agriculture, and inscriptions. It highlights the transition from the Harappan civilization to the rise of mahajanapadas, trade networks, and the influential Mauryan Empire, emphasizing the importance of inscriptions in reconstructing historical narratives. The chapter delves into administration, economics, and the roles of various social classes in shaping the historical landscape of India.
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What we have learnt
- The emergence of early states and mahajanapadas marked a significant turning point in early Indian history.
- Inscriptions are crucial historical sources that help reconstruct the political, economic, and social dynamics of the time.
- Agricultural advancements, urbanization, and trade significantly influenced the development of early civilizations in India.
Key Concepts
- -- Mahajanapadas
- Sixteen large states that emerged in the sixth century BCE characterized by urban settlements and the establishment of ruling systems.
- -- Epigraphy
- The study of inscriptions to understand historical events, culture, and language used in ancient times.
- -- Dhamma
- Asoka's code of ethics promoting principles such as respect for elders and tolerance for other religions, inscribed on various rock edicts.
- -- Gahapati
- The head of a household or a large landholder in ancient Indian agrarian society, often exercising control over other laborers.
- -- Punchmarked coins
- Early form of currency used in India, stamped with symbols to indicate authenticity and value, originating around the sixth century BCE.
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