4. THINKERS, BELIEFS AND BUILDINGS CULTURAL DEVELOPMENTS (c. 600 BE - 600 CE)
The chapter explores the philosophical, religious, and cultural developments in ancient India, focusing particularly on the evolution of Buddhism and Jainism alongside other contemporaneous ideas. It examines the significance of thinkers like the Buddha and Mahavira, the role of texts, architecture like stupas, and the interactions between various traditions shaping early Indian society. Through these themes, the enduring legacies of these beliefs are highlighted in both historical and contemporary contexts.
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What we have learnt
- Philosophers in ancient India sought to understand existence and the relationship between humans and the cosmos.
- The stupa at Sanchi and other monuments serve as significant archaeological evidence of early Buddhist practices and beliefs.
- Jainism emphasized non-violence and the importance of asceticism, influencing broader Indian thought.
Key Concepts
- -- Buddhism
- A religious tradition founded by Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) that teaches the path to Enlightenment through understanding the nature of suffering, morality, and liberation.
- -- Jainism
- An ancient Indian religion emphasizing non-violence (ahimsa), asceticism, and the pursuit of spiritual purity.
- -- Stupa
- A mound-like structure containing relics, used as a place of meditation and worship in Buddhism.
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