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Quicksort is a divide-and-conquer algorithm that efficiently sorts elements without requiring additional array storage as in merge sort. The algorithm operates by selecting a pivot, partitioning the array, and recursively sorting the resulting subarrays. Although its worst-case time complexity is O(n²), which can occur in specific scenarios, its average-case complexity and practical implementations yield an average-case time complexity of O(n log n), making it a preferred sorting algorithm in various programming environments.
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Term: Quicksort
Definition: A sorting algorithm that uses a divide-and-conquer approach to efficiently sort an array by partitioning it into smaller subarrays around a pivot element.
Term: Averagecase complexity
Definition: The expected time complexity for an algorithm under average conditions, reflecting how it performs on typical input rather than in the worst-case scenario.
Term: Pivot
Definition: An element chosen from the array during the sorting process that partitions the array into elements less than and greater than it.