8. Predicate Logic
Predicate logic enables the representation of mathematical statements that propositional logic cannot. It introduces the concept of predicates, which express properties about variables, allowing for the formulation of quantified statements. The chapter also explores two forms of quantification: universal and existential, each serving distinct roles in logical assertions.
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What we have learnt
- Predicate logic extends propositional logic by allowing the characterization of properties about variables.
- Quantification methods, including universal and existential quantifications, help express statements about all or some elements in a domain.
- The interpretation of quantifiers depends heavily on the specification of the underlying domain.
Key Concepts
- -- Predicate Logic
- A logical system that uses predicates to express statements about variables and their properties.
- -- Universal Quantification
- Affirms that a property holds true for all elements in a specified domain.
- -- Existential Quantification
- States that a property is true for at least one element within the given domain.
- -- Bound and Free Variables
- Bound variables are those subjected to quantification, while free variables are not constrained by quantifiers.
- -- Logical Equivalence
- Two expressions are logically equivalent if they hold the same truth value for every possible interpretation within their domains.
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