6. The Contemporary World
The chapter covers significant global events and political developments of the 20th century, particularly focusing on the First and Second World Wars, the establishment of the United Nations, and the emergence of the Non-Aligned Movement. It also explores the dynamics of the Cold War, including the rivalry between the USA and USSR, culminating in the disintegration of the Soviet Union. The effects of these events on international relations and the shift towards a unipolar world dominated by the USA are discussed.
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What we have learnt
- The Contemporary World outlines the key events of the 20th century that shaped global politics and ideologies.
- The impacts of the World Wars led to significant geopolitical changes, including the rise of fascism and the establishment of the United Nations.
- The Non-Aligned Movement was an essential development that allowed countries to maintain independence amidst the Cold War tensions.
Key Concepts
- -- Militarism
- A belief in the need for a strong military and the readiness to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests.
- -- Treaty of Versailles
- The peace treaty signed in 1919 that officially ended World War I, placing heavy reparations and territorial losses on Germany.
- -- Cold War
- A period of geopolitical tension between the USA and USSR from 1947 to 1991, characterized by threats, propaganda, and other measures short of open warfare.
- -- United Nations
- An international organization founded in 1945 to promote peace, security, and cooperation among member countries.
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