3. The Judiciary
The Judiciary serves as an essential organ of the government, responsible for interpreting laws and protecting the rights of citizens. It features a hierarchical structure starting from the Supreme Court, followed by High Courts and Subordinate Courts. The Supreme Court has the highest authority, dealing with cases of constitutional interpretation, while ensuring judicial independence and the upholding of fundamental rights.
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What we have learnt
- The Judiciary is a vital part of governance, enforcing the rule of law.
- The Supreme Court stands at the apex of the judicial system, with specific powers such as original, appellate, advisory, and writ jurisdiction.
- Judicial independence is crucial for the functioning of democracy, as it protects judiciary integrity and operates without external pressure.
Key Concepts
- -- Supreme Court
- The highest judicial forum and final court of appeal under the Constitution of India.
- -- Judicial Review
- The power of the Supreme Court to invalidate laws and actions of the legislature and executive if found unconstitutional.
- -- Writ Jurisdiction
- The authority of the Supreme Court to issue orders to enforce fundamental rights.
- -- Independence of the Judiciary
- The judiciary's ability to perform its functions without interference from the executive or the legislature.
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