3. Political Ideologies
Political ideologies are crucial belief systems that shape political behavior, systems, and policies. They serve as frameworks for understanding governance and impact political parties, movements, and public opinion. The chapter covers various ideologies, including liberalism, conservatism, socialism, communism, fascism, and anarchism, as well as concepts like liberty, equality, justice, and sovereignty, highlighting their roles in governance and real-world applications.
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What we have learnt
- Political ideologies offer vital insights into the functioning of political systems and behaviors.
- The influence of ideologies extends to parties, movements, and public opinion in shaping political landscapes.
- Different ideologies carry distinct principles that affect individual and collective political actions.
Key Concepts
- -- Liberty and Freedom
- The state of being free from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one's way of life, behavior, or political views, distinguished between negative liberty and positive liberty.
- -- Equality
- The state of being equal, especially in status, rights, and opportunities, with variations in interpretations among different ideologies.
- -- Justice
- The principle of moral rightness and the administration of the law, including concepts like distributive and procedural justice.
- -- Sovereignty
- The authority of a state to govern itself or another state, encompassing national sovereignty and popular sovereignty.
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