2. Living Things in Ecosystems
Ecosystems are dynamic systems comprising living organisms and their physical environment. Each type of organism plays a key role, such as producers, consumers, and decomposers, maintaining ecological balance. Energy flow from producers to various consumers illustrates the interconnectedness of life forms, while biodiversity is crucial for ecosystem stability and resilience against environmental changes.
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What we have learnt
- Ecosystems are composed of biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components.
- Organisms in ecosystems perform specific roles, including production of food, consumption, and decomposition.
- Energy flows in a unidirectional manner through food chains and webs, with energy loss occurring at each trophic level.
Key Concepts
- -- Ecosystem
- A community of living organisms interacting with their non-living environment.
- -- Food Chain
- A linear sequence illustrating the flow of energy from one organism to another through eating.
- -- Food Web
- A more complex network of interlinked food chains within an ecosystem.
- -- Biodiversity
- The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat, crucial for ecological stability.
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