Detailed Summary
This section provides an overview of how phenols can be synthesized from benzenesulphonic acid and other relevant methods. The process begins with the sulphonation of benzene using oleum, resulting in the formation of benzenesulphonic acid. This acid is then treated with molten sodium hydroxide to produce sodium phenoxide, which upon acidification yields phenol. The relevance of phenols in industrial applications, including their distinct properties and chemical reactivity, is underscored, emphasizing their significance in detergent, antiseptic, and fragrance production. The section sets the foundation for understanding various methods of phenol preparation, important in both academic and practical applications in organic chemistry.