6. Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
Haloalkanes and haloarenes are classified based on the number of halogen atoms present, exhibiting distinct chemical properties and reactivity. Their synthesis is primarily achieved through various methods such as nucleophilic substitution and electrophilic aromatic substitution, with significant applications across industries. Understanding their behavior and reactivity is crucial, particularly in terms of environmental impact and organic synthesis.
Enroll to start learning
You've not yet enrolled in this course. Please enroll for free to listen to audio lessons, classroom podcasts and take practice test.
Sections
Navigate through the learning materials and practice exercises.
What we have learnt
- Haloalkanes and haloarenes can be classified based on the number of halogen atoms as mono, di, or polyhalogen compounds.
- The carbon-halogen bond in alkyl halides is polarized, causing reactivity with nucleophiles.
- Various preparation methods exist for alkyl and aryl halides, including reactions with alcohols and via electrophilic substitution.
Key Concepts
- -- Nucleophilic substitution
- A reaction mechanism where a nucleophile replaces a leaving group in a haloalkane.
- -- Elimination reaction
- A process in which a b-hydrogen and a halogen are removed from adjacent carbon atoms, forming an alkene.
- -- Ambident nucleophiles
- Nucleophiles that can react through two different atoms, each providing a site for nucleophilic attack.
- -- Chirality
- A property of a molecule that has a non-superimposable mirror image, often leading to optical activity.
Additional Learning Materials
Supplementary resources to enhance your learning experience.