Computer and Processor Architecture | 1. Instruction Set Architecture, Processor Design, and Memory System by Pavan | Learn Smarter
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1. Instruction Set Architecture, Processor Design, and Memory System

The chapter discusses Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) as the interface between software and hardware, outlining its types and components. It explores processor design, instruction execution cycles, and performance metrics while emphasizing the importance of memory systems and hierarchy. Key comparisons between RISC and CISC architectures are provided, alongside their applications and inherent advantages and disadvantages.

Sections

  • 1

    Instruction Set Architecture, Processor Design, And Memory System

    This section introduces the key elements of Instruction Set Architecture (ISA), processor design, and the memory system, highlighting their roles in computing.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.1

    Introduction To Instruction Set Architecture (Isa)

    Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) defines the interface between software and hardware, determining the instructions executed by a processor.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.2

    Types Of Isa

    This section covers the two main types of Instruction Set Architectures: RISC and CISC.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.3

    Components Of Isa

    The Components of ISA define the structure and functioning of instructions within a processor, affecting how programs operate and communicate with hardware.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.4

    Processor Design

    Processor design focuses on the structural organization and operational execution of a CPU's components.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.5

    Instruction Execution Cycle

    The Instruction Execution Cycle outlines the steps a CPU takes to execute instructions from fetching to writing back results.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.6

    Processor Design Techniques

    The section introduces key techniques in processor design, focusing on single-cycle, multi-cycle, and pipelining.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.7

    Performance Metrics

    This section outlines important performance metrics used to evaluate a CPU's performance, including CPI, MIPS, clock rate, and CPU time calculations.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.8

    Memory System Overview

    This section discusses the memory system, which is crucial for storing and retrieving data and instructions within a CPU.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.9

    Memory Hierarchy

    Memory hierarchy organizes computer memory into different layers, enhancing speed and efficiency for data access.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.10

    Cache Memory

    Cache memory is a type of high-speed storage that stores frequently accessed data to improve processing efficiency.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.11

    Virtual Memory

    Virtual memory allows programs to utilize more memory than is physically available through paging and address translation.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.12

    Memory Access & Interfacing

    Memory Access & Interfacing covers how the CPU communicates with memory through buses and the roles of various types of buses and memory controllers.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.13

    Comparison: Risc Vs Cisc

    This section compares RISC and CISC architectures, highlighting their key differences in instruction types and execution speed.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.14

    Applications Of Isa & Processor Design

    The section explores the various applications of Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) and processor design, highlighting their significance in different computing environments.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.15

    Advantages And Disadvantages

    This section outlines the advantages and disadvantages of Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) and processor design.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.16

    Summary Of Key Concepts

    This section summarizes the critical concepts of ISA, processor design, memory hierarchy, virtual memory, and performance metrics.

    Learning Practice

References

ee4-cpa-1.pdf

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • ISA defines the set of oper...
  • Processor design includes d...
  • Memory hierarchy improves s...

Final Test

Revision Tests