1. All-pairs Shortest Paths
The chapter discusses the All-pairs Shortest Paths problem in weighted graphs, emphasizing the application of the Floyd-Warshall algorithm, which generalizes the Bellman-Ford algorithm to find the shortest paths between every pair of vertices. It explains the key properties of shortest paths and introduces an inductive approach to restrict vertices iteratively while computing the shortest paths, ensuring that the computations handle negative weights efficiently, provided there are no negative cycles in the graph.
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What we have learnt
- The shortest path between every pair of vertices in a graph can be computed using the Floyd-Warshall algorithm.
- Shortest paths do not loop back to previous vertices and use distinct intermediate vertices.
- Floyd-Warshall algorithm utilizes a systematic updating process to account for all possible vertices as intermediaries.
Key Concepts
- -- AllPairs Shortest Paths
- A problem in graph theory that involves finding the shortest paths between all pairs of vertices in a graph.
- -- FloydWarshall Algorithm
- An algorithm used to find the shortest paths in a weighted graph with positive or negative edge weights (but no negative cycles), proceeding through iterative updates on a path weight matrix.
- -- Inductive Approach
- A method used to build up the shortest path solutions by gradually increasing the set of allowed vertices in the calculations.
- -- Negative Weights
- Edge weights that are less than zero, which can complicate the calculation of shortest paths unless handled properly, as in the case of the Bellman-Ford and Floyd-Warshall algorithms.
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