13. Microprocessors - Part A - Digital Electronics - Vol 2
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13. Microprocessors - Part A

13. Microprocessors - Part A

Microprocessors are essential components of microcomputers, functioning as the central processing unit by executing binary instructions from memory. The chapter explores fundamental concepts of microprocessors, including their architecture, evolution, and various types and applications. Key topics include the components of a microprocessor, the types of instructions, addressing modes, and criteria for selecting microprocessors for different applications.

36 sections

Sections

Navigate through the learning materials and practice exercises.

  1. 13
    Microprocessors

    This section provides an overview of microprocessors, explaining their...

  2. 13.1
    Introduction To Microprocessors

    This section introduces microprocessors as programmable devices that manage...

  3. 13.2
    Evolution Of Microprocessors

    This section outlines the evolution of microprocessors from their inception...

  4. 13.3
    Inside A Microprocessor

    This section discusses the internal structure of a microprocessor, focusing...

  5. 13.3.1
    Arithmetic Logic Unit (Alu)

    The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) is a core component of microprocessors...

  6. 13.3.2
    Register File

    The register file comprises various registers that store data, addresses,...

  7. 13.3.2.1
    Program Counter

    The program counter is a critical register in microprocessors that tracks...

  8. 13.3.2.2
    Instruction Register

    The instruction register stores the current instruction being executed by...

  9. 13.3.2.3
    Buffer Register

    The buffer register interfaces the microprocessor with memory, primarily...

  10. 13.3.2.4
    Status Register

    The status register stores output conditions of an operation and informs the...

  11. 13.3.2.5
    Stack Pointer

    The stack pointer is a register in a microprocessor that holds the address...

  12. 13.3.2.6
    General-Purpose Registers

    This section discusses general-purpose registers in microprocessors, their...

  13. 13.3.2.7
    Temporary Registers

    Temporary registers are utilized in microprocessors to store data...

  14. 13.3.3
    Control Unit

    The Control Unit coordinates the activities of the microprocessor and...

  15. 13.4
    Basic Microprocessor Instructions

    This section covers the fundamental instructions executed by...

  16. 13.4.1
    Data Transfer Instructions

    Data transfer instructions facilitate the movement of data between various...

  17. 13.4.2
    Arithmetic Instructions

    This section details the arithmetic instructions executed by...

  18. 13.4.3
    Logic Instructions

    Logic instructions enable microprocessors to perform fundamental logical...

  19. 13.4.4
    Control Transfer Or Branch Or Program Control Instructions

    This section covers control transfer instructions in microprocessors, which...

  20. 13.4.5
    Machine Control Instructions

    This section outlines the machine control instructions utilized by...

  21. 13.5
    Addressing Modes

    Addressing modes define how data operands are specified within...

  22. 13.5.1
    Absolute Or Memory Direct Addressing Mode

    This section explains the Absolute Addressing Mode, detailing how data is...

  23. 13.5.2
    Immediate Addressing Mode

    Immediate addressing mode provides direct access to operand values, stored...

  24. 13.5.3
    Register Direct Addressing Mode

    Register Direct Addressing Mode allows a microprocessor to access data...

  25. 13.5.4
    Register Indirect Addressing Mode

    Register indirect addressing mode uses a register to hold the address of the...

  26. 13.5.5
    Indexed Addressing Mode

    The indexed addressing mode in microprocessors allows data access by adding...

  27. 13.5.6
    Implicit Addressing Mode And Relative Addressing Mode

    This section discusses implicit and relative addressing modes in...

  28. 13.6
    Microprocessor Selection

    This section discusses the key criteria for selecting the appropriate...

  29. 13.6.1
    Selection Criteria

    This section outlines essential criteria for selecting the appropriate...

  30. 13.6.1.1

    Price is a crucial factor in microprocessor selection, especially for...

  31. 13.6.1.2
    Power Consumption

    Power consumption in microprocessors is critical, especially in...

  32. 13.6.1.3

    Performance in microprocessors involves evaluating speed, efficiency, and...

  33. 13.6.1.4
    Availability

    The 'Availability' section discusses essential factors for selecting a...

  34. 13.6.1.5
    Software Support

    This section highlights the importance of associated software in...

  35. 13.6.1.6
    Code Density

    Code density refers to the ratio between the size of the source code and the...

  36. 13.6.2
    Microprocessor Selection Table For Common Applications

    This section outlines how to select microprocessors for various applications...

What we have learnt

  • Microprocessors form the core of microcomputer systems, connecting various components including memory and peripheral devices.
  • Different types of microprocessors have evolved over time, reflecting improvements in technology and functionality.
  • Microprocessors execute a variety of instructions including data transfer, arithmetic, logic, control transfer, and machine control instructions.

Key Concepts

-- Microprocessor
A programmable device that accepts binary data, processes it according to stored instructions, and provides output.
-- ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)
The core component of a microprocessor that performs arithmetic and logic operations.
-- Address Bus
A unidirectional bus that carries the address of the memory location to be accessed by the CPU.
-- Data Bus
A bidirectional bus that transfers data between the microprocessor and peripheral devices.
-- Instruction Set
A collection of instructions that a microprocessor can execute.
-- Addressing Mode
The way in which operands are specified within an instruction, determining how data is accessed.

Additional Learning Materials

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