14.1.2. Variables in Fluid Flow

Try these first

1. 1.

   Define viscosity in your own words.

   Hint

   Think about how thick a liquid feels.

2. 2.

   What is the purpose of dimensional analysis?

   Hint

   Consider how it helps compare different variables.

3. 3.

   What does the Reynolds number compare?

   • Inertial forces to gravitational forces
   • Inertial forces to viscous forces
   • Viscous forces to pressure

   Hint

   Think of flow regimes.

4. 4.

   True or False: The Froude number is important in predicting cavitation.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   Consider the definitions of these numbers.

5. 5.

   A flow in a pipe shows laminar behavior with a Reynolds number of 500. If the velocity increases causing the Reynolds number to rise to 3000, what type of flow is expected, and what factors might lead to turbulence?

   Hint

   Relate flow characteristics to Reynolds number values.

6. 6.

   Evaluate a scenario where water flows over a spillway. Given the Froude number is 1.2, what does this indicate about the flow regime?

   Hint

   Associate low and high Froude numbers with energy and flow behavior.