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CRISPR-Cas technology provides a precise, programmable editing tool for both DNA and RNA, demonstrating versatility with variants like Cas12 and Cas13. Advanced editing techniques such as base and prime editing allow for targeted modifications without double-stranded breaks, enhancing gene therapy possibilities. The challenges of safe delivery and ethical implications underscore the need for responsible application in therapeutic contexts.
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Sections
Class Notes
Memorization
What we have learnt
- CRISPR-Cas systems play a c...
- Different Cas variants have...
- Effective guide RNA design ...
Final Test
Revision Tests
What we have learnt
- CRISPR-Cas systems play a crucial role in genome editing technologies.
- Different Cas variants have specific applications for gene editing.
- Effective guide RNA design and PAM sequences are essential for successful genome editing.
Key Concepts
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Term: CRISPRCas System
Definition: A natural mechanism that provides adaptive immunity in bacteria, now developed as a tool for precise genome editing.
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Term: gRNA (guide RNA)
Definition: A RNA sequence that directs the Cas enzyme to the specific target DNA, essential for the CRISPR editing mechanism.
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Term: PAM (Protospacer Adjacent Motif)
Definition: Short DNA sequence adjacent to the target sequence required for the Cas enzyme to recognize and bind to the DNA.
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Term: Base Editing
Definition: An advanced method that allows the conversion of one DNA base into another without introducing double-strand breaks.
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Term: Prime Editing
Definition: A novel genome editing method that enables precise insertions, deletions, and substitutions in DNA.