27. Infiltration Capacity
Infiltration is a critical hydrological process involving the movement of water from the surface into the soil, with the infiltration capacity representing the maximum absorption rate under specific conditions. This chapter details the various factors affecting infiltration, measurement techniques, empirical models, and applications in fields such as civil engineering and water resources management.
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What we have learnt
- Infiltration capacity is the maximum rate at which water can enter the soil.
- Various factors like soil characteristics, vegetation, land use, and moisture affect infiltration rates.
- Measurement of infiltration can be done using infiltrometers, lysimeters, and rainfall simulators, among others.
Key Concepts
- -- Infiltration Capacity
- The maximum rate at which a soil can absorb water under specified conditions.
- -- Infiltration Rate
- The speed at which water enters the soil, typically expressed in mm/hr or cm/hr.
- -- Horton's Equation
- A mathematical model that describes the exponential decay of infiltration rate over time.
- -- Infiltration Indices
- Parameters that simplify the infiltration process for use in rainfall-runoff models.
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