32. Runoff
Runoff plays a crucial role in the hydrological cycle and is essential for effective water resource management. The chapter outlines various components of runoff, factors affecting it, methods to estimate basin yield, and techniques for analyzing runoff data through the SCS-Curve Number method and flow duration curves. Understanding these concepts is critical for managing water resources and flood control effectively.
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32.6.1Construction
What we have learnt
- Runoff consists of surface runoff, interflow, and base flow, each contributing differently based on hydrological conditions.
- Basin yield can be assessed through empirical methods, hydrological modeling, and the use of mass curve and flow-duration curve analysis.
- The SCS-Curve Number method provides a practical way to estimate runoff using limited data and established relationships.
Key Concepts
- -- Runoff
- The portion of precipitation that flows over land towards bodies of water, categorized into surface runoff, interflow, and base flow.
- -- Basin Yield
- The total volume of water that can be utilized from a river basin over a specified time period under certain conditions.
- -- SCSCurve Number Method
- A method developed by the USDA for estimating direct runoff based on factors such as precipitation, land use, and soil type.
- -- Flow Duration Curve
- A graphical representation of streamflow that shows the percentage of time a certain flow is exceeded, useful for water resource assessments.
- -- Mass Curve
- A plot of cumulative runoff volume against time, used to determine storage requirements for watersupply and reservoir planning.
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