IB Grade 12 Physical and Health Education (SEHS) | Chapter 2: Exercise Physiology by Prakhar Chauhan | Learn Smarter
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Chapter 2: Exercise Physiology

The chapter delves into exercise physiology, highlighting how the cardiovascular, respiratory, and muscular systems adapt to the increased demands of physical activity. It covers critical concepts such as heart rate, stroke volume, ventilation rate, and muscle metabolism, emphasizing their roles in optimizing performance and health. Effective thermoregulation during exercise is also discussed, outlining mechanisms to manage body temperature while engaging in strenuous activity.

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Sections

  • 2

    Exercise Physiology

    This section addresses the physiological responses of the body during exercise, focusing on cardiovascular and respiratory systems, muscle metabolism, and thermoregulation.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.1

    Cardiovascular Responses To Exercise

    This section covers the cardiovascular responses, including heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output, during exercise.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.1.1

    Heart Rate (Hr)

    Heart rate increases during exercise to meet the heightened oxygen demands of muscles.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.1.2

    Stroke Volume (Sv)

    Stroke volume (SV) is the volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle per heartbeat, increasing during exercise to meet oxygen demands.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.1.3

    Cardiac Output (Q)

    Cardiac output measures the total blood volume pumped by the heart per minute and is crucial for understanding cardiovascular responses during exercise.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.2

    Respiratory Responses To Exercise

    This section discusses how the respiratory system adapts to the increased demands of exercise, focusing on ventilation rate, tidal volume, and oxygen uptake.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.2.1

    Ventilation Rate

    Ventilation rate refers to the number of breaths taken per minute and increases during exercise to meet oxygen demands.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.2.2

    Tidal Volume (Tv)

    Tidal volume is the amount of air inhaled or exhaled in a single breath, crucial for optimizing oxygen exchange during respiratory responses to exercise.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.2.3

    Oxygen Uptake (Vo2)

    Oxygen uptake (VO2) is a measure of how much oxygen the body utilizes during physical activity, significantly increasing during exercise.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.3

    Muscle Metabolism

    Muscle metabolism involves the processes through which muscle cells produce energy for contraction using ATP, primarily through three main pathways: ATP-PC, anaerobic glycolysis, and aerobic respiration.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.3.1

    Energy Production Pathways

    This section discusses the three primary energy production pathways in muscle metabolism, including the ATP-PC system, anaerobic glycolysis, and the aerobic system.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.3.2

    Muscle Fatigue

    Muscle fatigue is the decline in the muscle's ability to generate force, influenced by multiple physiological factors.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.4

    Thermoregulation

    The section discusses the importance of thermoregulation during exercise, outlining the body's mechanisms to maintain temperature and strategies to support these processes.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.4.1

    Importance Of Body Temperature Regulation

    Body temperature regulation is crucial during exercise to prevent overheating and maintain performance.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.4.2

    Mechanisms Of Thermoregulation

    This section discusses the body's mechanisms for regulating temperature during exercise, highlighting processes such as sweating, vasodilation, and behavioral responses.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.4.3

    Effects Of Exercise On Thermoregulation

    Exercise increases heat production, affecting the body's thermoregulation and leading to potential dehydration and heat-related illnesses if not managed properly.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.4.4

    Strategies To Support Thermoregulation

    This section discusses key strategies to help maintain optimal body temperature during exercise.

    Learning Practice

References

Untitled document (10).pdf

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • Heart rate and stroke volum...
  • Ventilation rate and tidal ...
  • Muscle fatigue can result f...

Final Test

Revision Tests