Fabrics Around Us

This section discusses the diversity of fabrics, their properties, classification, and production processes, emphasizing the importance of fabric knowledge for practical applications.

Introduction

Fabrics play a crucial role in our daily lives, providing comfort, aesthetics, and functionality.

Fibre Properties

This section explains the various properties of fibers that influence the characteristics and functionality of fabrics.

Classification Of Textile Fibres

This section details the classification of textile fibres based on their origin, chemical type, and physical form.

Natural Fibres

Natural fibres are derived from various sources in nature and are classified into several categories based on their origin.

Manufactured Fibres (Also Called Man-Made Fibres)

This section describes manufactured fibres, their production methods, and types.

Types Of Manufactured Fibres

This section explores the classification and characteristics of manufactured fibres, emphasizing their origins and types.

Yarns

Yarns are continuous strands of textile fibers that are essential for fabric production, obtained through a process called spinning.

Yarn Processing

This section discusses the yarn processing stages from natural fibres to finished yarn, detailing crucial processes and the significance of yarn in textile production.

Cleaning

This section discusses the importance of cleaning textiles, outlining types of cleaning processes and their effects on fabric care and maintenance.

Making Into A Sliver

This section describes the process of converting laps of fibers into slivers during yarn processing, detailing the significance of this step in fabric production.

Attenuating, Drawing Out And Twisting

This section focuses on the process of converting fibres into yarn and explores the stages of yarn processing.

Yarn Terminology

This section introduces key terms related to yarn, explaining the concepts of yarn number, twist, and the difference between yarn and thread.

Fabric Production

This section discusses the methods of fabric production, highlighting the differentiation between woven, knitted, and directly constructed fabrics.

Weaving

Weaving is a fundamental textile art that interlaces two sets of yarns to create woven fabrics, utilizing a loom and demonstrating various interlacing patterns.

Knitting

Knitting is the process of interlooping yarn to create fabric, using either hand or machine methods.

Braiding

Braiding involves plaiting three or more yarns to create fabrics with a diagonal surface effect, commonly used in items like shoelaces and ropes.

Nets

Nets are open mesh fabrics distinguished by their geometric designs, made through inter-knotting of yarns.

Laces

Laces are intricate openwork fabrics made from yarns that form decorative patterns.

Textile Finishing

Textile finishing enhances the appearance, texture, or performance of fabrics through various treatments.

Finishing With Colour

This section details the various methods and approaches involved in finishing fabrics with color, emphasizing the importance of dye application in textile production.

Printing

Printing is a specialized form of dyeing that applies color to fabric in specific patterns and designs.

Some Important Fibres

This section introduces essential textile fibres, including cotton, linen, wool, silk, rayon, nylon, polyester, and acrylic, outlining their properties and uses.

Cotton

Cotton is a widely used natural fiber known for its comfort and moisture-absorbing properties.

Linen

Linen, a bast fiber obtained from the flax plant, exhibits properties similar to cotton but is less commonly used due to its longer processing time and less vibrant dye absorption.

Wool

Wool is a natural protein fiber derived from sheep and other animals, notable for its elasticity, warmth, and moisture management properties.

Silk

Silk is a natural filament fiber produced by silk worms, characterized by its luster, smoothness, and strength.

Rayon

Rayon is the first manufactured fiber created from wood pulp, recognized for its silk-like properties.

Nylon

Nylon is a widely utilized synthetic fiber known for its durability, elasticity, and moisture resistance, originally introduced for socks and stockings.

Polyester

Polyester is a manufactured synthetic fiber known for its versatility, durability, and resistance to wrinkles.

Acrylic

Acrylic is a synthetic fiber that mimics wool and is often used as a more affordable alternative.

Elastomeric Fibres

Elastomeric fibres are flexible, rubber-like substances used for their elasticity in textile products.