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2. Methods of Enquiry in Psychology

Psychological enquiry aims to describe, predict, explain, and control human behavior using systematic methods. The chapter outlines various research methods employed in psychology, including observational, experimental, and survey methods, and discusses their applications, strengths, and limitations. Ethical considerations are also emphasized to guide researchers in conducting studies that respect participants' rights and wellbeing.

Sections

  • 2

    Methods Of Enquiry In Psychology

    This section explores various methods of psychological enquiry used to study behavior and mental processes.

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  • 2.1

    Introduction

    The introduction outlines the significance of psychological enquiry through systematic methods and establishes the foundational goals of understanding and influencing human behaviour.

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  • 2.2

    Goals Of Psychological Enquiry

    The goals of psychological enquiry revolve around describing, predicting, explaining, controlling behavior, and applying the knowledge gained in a systematic manner.

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  • 2.2.1

    Steps In Conducting Scientific Research

    This section outlines the systematic steps involved in conducting scientific research in psychology, ensuring objectivity and reproducibility.

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  • 2.2.1.1

    Conceptualising A Problem

    The process of conceptualising a problem in psychological research involves selecting a research topic, formulating specific research questions or hypotheses, and setting the foundation for further inquiry.

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  • 2.2.1.2

    Collecting Data

    This section discusses the essential steps involved in collecting data for scientific research, including designing the research framework and determining necessary aspects such as participants and methods.

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  • 2.2.1.3

    Drawing Conclusions

    This section discusses the importance of analyzing data through statistical methods and graphical representations to draw meaningful conclusions about a hypothesis.

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  • 2.2.1.4

    Revising Research Conclusions

    Researchers must evaluate if their study conclusions support their initial hypothesis, revising it when necessary.

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  • 2.2.2

    Alternative Paradigms Of Research

    This section explores the traditional and interpretive paradigms in psychological research, highlighting their methods and differences.

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  • 2.3

    Nature Of Psychological Data

    Psychological data consists of various types of information related to individual behaviors and experiences, collected through diverse methods.

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  • 2.4

    Some Important Methods In Psychology

    This section outlines key methods used in psychological research, including observational, experimental, correlational, survey, psychological testing, and case study approaches.

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  • 2.4.1

    Observational Method

    The observational method in psychology involves systematically observing and recording behaviors to describe phenomena accurately.

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  • 2.4.2

    Experimental Method

    The Experimental Method in psychology aims to establish cause-effect relationships between variables in a controlled environment, using independent and dependent variables.

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  • 2.4.3

    Correlational Research

    Correlational research investigates the relationships between variables without manipulation, focusing on prediction purposes.

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  • 2.4.4

    Survey Research

    Survey research is a method for collecting data about opinions, attitudes, and social facts, often utilizing techniques like questionnaires and interviews.

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  • 2.4.5

    Psychological Testing

    Psychological testing assesses individual differences through standardized instruments to measure characteristics like intelligence, personality, and emotional states.

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  • 2.4.6

    Case Study

    This section discusses the case study method of psychological inquiry, emphasizing its importance in gaining in-depth insights into unique phenomena.

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  • 2.5

    Analysis Of Data

    This section discusses the analysis of data in psychological research, focusing on quantitative and qualitative methods.

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  • 2.5.1

    Quantitative Method

    The quantitative method in psychology involves converting psychological attributes into numerical data for analysis, enabling researchers to derive meaningful conclusions through statistical techniques.

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  • 2.5.2

    Qualitative Method

    This section discusses the qualitative method in psychological research, focusing on its significance, data collection methods, and analysis techniques.

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  • 2.6

    Limitations Of Psychological Enquiry

    This section discusses the various limitations associated with psychological research methodologies and the ethical considerations involved.

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  • 2.7

    Ethical Issues

    This section discusses the ethical principles that guide psychological research, emphasizing respect for participants, informed consent, and confidentiality.

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  • 2.8

    Key Terms

    This section defines and elaborates on essential terms related to psychological enquiry.

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  • 2.9

    Summary

    This section discusses the goals, nature, and methods of psychological inquiry, emphasizing the scientific approach to understanding human behavior.

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References

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What we have learnt

  • Psychological enquiry invol...
  • Different types of data, in...
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