6. Human Memory
Human memory encompasses the processes of encoding, storage, and retrieval, distinguished by different memory systems including sensory, short-term, and long-term memory. The chapter elaborates on the simple Stage Model of memory and the Levels of Processing theory, highlighting how memories are formed and the causes of forgetting. Various strategies for enhancing memory, including mnemonics and organization techniques, are also discussed, alongside insights into the nature of forgetting and the classifications of memory types.
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What we have learnt
- Memory consists of encoding, storage, and retrieval processes.
- The Stage Model of Memory identifies sensory, short-term, and long-term memories.
- Forgetting occurs due to trace decay, interference, and retrieval failure.
Key Concepts
- -- Encoding
- The process of recording and registering information so that it becomes usable by the memory system.
- -- Storage
- The process of retaining information over a period of time.
- -- Retrieval
- The process of recovering information from memory for use in cognitive tasks.
- -- Sensory Memory
- The initial stage of memory that holds sensory information for a brief period.
- -- Shortterm Memory (STM)
- A memory store that holds a small amount of information for a short duration.
- -- Longterm Memory (LTM)
- A vast memory store that retains information for extended periods and can be unlimited in capacity.
- -- Declarative Memory
- Memory that involves facts and information that can be consciously recalled.
- -- Procedural Memory
- Memory related to skills and procedures that do not require conscious thought.
- -- Interference Theory
- The theory that forgetting occurs due to interference from similar information in memory.
- -- Mnemonics
- Techniques used to improve memory by associating new information with familiar concepts.
Additional Learning Materials
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