4. Change and Development in Rural Society
Indian society is predominantly rural, with a significant portion of the population engaged in agriculture and related occupations. The chapter discusses the complexities of agricultural practices, agrarian structures, and how economic inequalities are perpetuated through land ownership and caste dynamics. Further, it examines the impacts of historical reforms, the Green Revolution, and globalization on rural life, highlighting both advancements and emerging disparities.
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What we have learnt
- Majority of India's population lives in rural areas and relies on agriculture.
- Agricultural practices are intricately linked to cultural and social structures.
- Land ownership and caste significantly influence economic status and livelihood opportunities in rural India.
Key Concepts
- -- Agrarian Structure
- The distribution and ownership of land which shapes the class structures and livelihoods in rural societies.
- -- Green Revolution
- A series of initiatives in the 1960s and 1970s aimed at increasing agricultural production through modern technologies and high-yielding varieties, which had mixed impacts on rural economies.
- -- Contract Farming
- Arrangements where farmers grow crops as per agreements with companies, which provide inputs and guarantee market prices, influencing farmers' dependency and income security.
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