Civil Engineering Materials, Testing & Evaluation - Vol 1 | 13. Failure Mechanism in Hardened Concrete by Abraham | Learn Smarter
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Knowledge
13. Failure Mechanism in Hardened Concrete

Hardened concrete exhibits complex behaviors like failure mechanisms, stress-strain responses, creep, and shrinkage that significantly impact structural integrity and serviceability. Understanding these properties is essential for predicting failures and ensuring the durability of concrete structures. Key mechanisms of failure, such as tensile, compressive, and shear failures, among others, highlight the importance of material properties and loading conditions on concrete's performance.

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Sections

  • 1

    Failure Mechanism In Hardened Concrete

    This section explores various failure mechanisms in hardened concrete, including tensile, compressive, shear, flexural, fatigue, and durability-based failures.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.1

    Tensile Failure

    Tensile failure in concrete occurs when tensile stress surpasses its strength, leading to sudden cracking and potential structural compromise.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.2

    Compressive Failure

    Compressive failure in hardened concrete refers to the failure mode where concrete experiences crushing due to excessive compressive loads, often characterized by microcracking, crack coalescence, and sudden crushing.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.3

    Shear Failure

    Shear failure in concrete is a critical issue that occurs when the internal shear stresses surpass the shear capacity of the material.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.4

    Flexural Failure

    Flexural failure in concrete occurs under bending conditions, typically beginning in the tension zone and resulting in significant cracking or crushing depending on the reinforcement.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.5

    Fatigue Failure

    Fatigue failure in hardened concrete occurs due to repeated loading, leading to failure even below ultimate strength.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.6

    Durability-Based Failure

    This section discusses durability-based failures in hardened concrete due to environmental factors.

    Learning Practice

  • 2

    Stress-Strain Behavior Of Hardened Concrete

    The stress-strain behavior of hardened concrete, characterized by its non-linear response to axial loading, is crucial for understanding its mechanical properties and structural performance.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.1

    Stress-Strain Curve In Compression

    The stress-strain curve in compression illustrates the non-linear relationship between stress and strain in hardened concrete during loading and failure.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.2

    Stress-Strain Curve In Tension

    The stress-strain curve in tension illustrates the behavior of concrete when subjected to tensile loads, highlighting its linear elastic behavior until failure.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.3

    Influence Of Aggregate And Mix Design

    This section discusses how aggregate types and mix designs impact the stress-strain characteristics of hardened concrete.

    Learning Practice

  • 3

    Creep In Hardened Concrete

    Creep in hardened concrete refers to the gradual increase in strain under constant load over time, significantly impacting the material's long-term performance.

    Learning Practice

  • 3.1

    Definition

    Creep is the time-dependent increase in strain under a constant load in hardened concrete.

    Learning Practice

  • 3.2

    Mechanism

    This section explores the mechanisms leading to failure in hardened concrete, detailing key factors like stress-strain behavior, creep, and shrinkage.

    Learning Practice

  • 3.3

    Stages Of Creep

    Creep refers to the time-dependent deformation of concrete under sustained load, consisting of distinct stages including instantaneous strain, primary creep, secondary creep, and tertiary creep.

    Learning Practice

  • 3.4

    Factors Influencing Creep

    This section discusses the various factors that affect creep in hardened concrete, emphasizing the conditions under which creep occurs and its implications.

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  • 3.5

    Effects Of Creep

    Creep in concrete causes time-dependent strain under continuous load, impacting deflection and stress redistribution.

    Learning Practice

  • 4

    Shrinkage In Hardened Concrete

    Shrinkage in hardened concrete is the decrease in volume due to moisture loss and chemical reactions, which can lead to cracking and other structural issues.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.1

    Definition

    Hardened concrete is the concrete state post-hydration, crucial for evaluating structural performance and failure modes.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2

    Types Of Shrinkage

    This section discusses the various types of shrinkage that can occur in hardened concrete due to moisture loss and other factors.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.3

    Factors Affecting Shrinkage

    This section discusses the key factors that influence the shrinkage of hardened concrete, including water-cement ratio, aggregate content, curing methods, and environmental conditions.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.4

    Effects Of Shrinkage

    Shrinkage in hardened concrete leads to volume reduction and potential structural issues due to moisture loss.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.5

    Shrinkage Cracking: Mechanism And Risk Areas

    This section addresses shrinkage cracking in concrete, detailing its mechanisms, risk areas, and preventive measures.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.6

    Mitigation Of Shrinkage And Shrinkage Cracking

    This section covers strategies for minimizing shrinkage and controlling shrinkage cracking in concrete engineering.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.7

    Testing Methods For Creep And Shrinkage

    This section outlines the key testing methods used to measure creep and shrinkage in hardened concrete, essential for quality control and predictive modeling.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.8

    Modeling Creep And Shrinkage In Design

    This section discusses the importance of modeling creep and shrinkage in concrete design, highlighting key predictive models and their applications in structural engineering.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.9

    Real-World Engineering Considerations

    This section highlights practical engineering considerations for hardened concrete, focusing on the implications of site conditions, structural types, and environmental factors on material performance.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.10

    Research Trends And Innovations

    This section highlights emerging research trends and innovations in concrete technology, focusing on engineered cementitious composites, nanomaterials, 3D printing, and machine learning applications.

    Learning Practice

References

Chapter_13_Harde.pdf

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • Hardened concrete behaves d...
  • Different failure mechanism...
  • Creep and shrinkage signifi...

Final Test

Revision Tests