4. Analog CMOS Circuit Design - Part 2: Design Principles of Voltage References in CMOS
This chapter discusses voltage references in CMOS technology, emphasizing their importance in providing stable and accurate voltage levels in analog circuits. It details various types of voltage references including Zener diodes, bandgap references, and LDOs, highlighting their advantages and limitations. Design considerations such as temperature coefficient, power consumption, and load regulation are also explored, along with practical applications in different systems.
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What we have learnt
- Voltage references are essential for providing stable, accurate voltage levels in analog circuits.
- Common types of voltage references include Zener diode, bandgap references, and LDO-based designs, with bandgap references offering the best performance in terms of temperature stability.
- Important design considerations include output voltage range, temperature coefficient, power consumption, and load regulation.
Key Concepts
- -- Voltage Reference
- A component that provides a stable, accurate output voltage independent of supply voltage variations, temperature changes, and process variations.
- -- Bandgap Reference
- A type of voltage reference that combines the voltage drops of two diodes or transistors with opposing temperature coefficients to produce a stable output voltage.
- -- Temperature Compensation
- The process of using complementary transistors or diodes to maintain a stable reference voltage across a wide temperature range.
- -- Load Regulation
- The ability of a voltage reference to maintain a stable output voltage despite changes in load current.
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