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Pipelining is a technique that enhances processor performance by overlapping instruction execution across multiple stages, leading to increased throughput. Various types of pipelining, including instruction and data pipelining, help manage the flow of instructions within the CPU. Challenges such as pipeline hazards and stalls are addressed through techniques like forwarding and branch prediction. Advanced pipelining methods continue to evolve, allowing for improvements in efficiency and performance metrics like throughput, latency, and speedup.
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Term: Pipelining
Definition: The process of dividing the execution of instructions into multiple stages that can be performed in parallel to increase performance.
Term: Pipeline Hazard
Definition: Challenges in the pipeline system that can affect the execution of instructions, including data, control, and structural hazards.
Term: Throughput
Definition: The number of instructions that can be processed per unit of time, which is improved via the overlap of instruction execution in pipelining.
Term: Latency
Definition: The time it takes for a single instruction to pass through the entire pipeline; pipelining aims to reduce overall throughput latency.