21. Hydraulic Engineering
The final lecture on turbulent and laminar flows focuses on turbulent flow in smooth pipes and presents mathematical equations to describe the velocity distribution. It discusses rough pipes, estimating roughness height with practical examples and introduces integrations to calculate average velocity in both smooth and rough scenarios. The lecture emphasizes key equations and problem-solving in hydraulic engineering.
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Sections
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What we have learnt
- The velocity profile in turbulent flow is influenced by pipe roughness.
- Equations can be derived for both smooth and rough pipes to determine flow characteristics.
- Integration methods can be applied to find average velocity.
Key Concepts
- -- Turbulent Flow
- A type of flow in which the fluid undergoes irregular fluctuations and mixing.
- -- Velocity Distribution
- The variation of fluid velocity across the cross-section of the pipe.
- -- Roughness Height (k)
- The average height of surface irregularities of a pipe which affects flow resistance.
- -- Logarithmic Profile
- A mathematical representation of velocity distribution in turbulent flow, particularly valid at high Reynolds numbers.
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