22. Turbulent Pipe Flow
The chapter covers the concepts of velocity profiles in turbulent pipe flow, distinguishing between smooth and rough pipes, and discusses physical principles of the power law velocity profile and its limitations. A method for calculating average velocity in a pipe using a specific velocity profile is detailed, exemplifying a rigorous approach for fluid mechanics problems.
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Sections
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What we have learnt
- The difference between velocity at any point and average velocity is consistent for both smooth and rough pipes.
- Power law velocity profiles cannot yield zero slope at the pipe center and cannot compute wall shear stress.
- An expression for the average velocity can be derived from the given velocity profiles.
Key Concepts
- -- Average Velocity
- The mean flow speed across a fluid cross-section, indicative of the overall flow performance.
- -- Power Law Velocity Profile
- A velocity distribution model that represents fluid velocity in relation to the radius of the pipe and is characterized by a specific power exponent influenced by the Reynolds number.
- -- Reynolds Number
- A dimensionless number that predicts flow patterns in different fluid flow situations, crucial for determining whether flow is laminar or turbulent.
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