Chapter 1: Stoichiometric Relationships
Stoichiometry involves the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions. The chapter covers the concept of the mole, molar mass, and how to perform stoichiometric calculations. It also introduces empirical and molecular formulas, concentration measurements, and methods such as titration and spectrophotometry for quantitative analysis in solutions.
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What we have learnt
- Stoichiometry is based on the mole and Avogadro's constant, connecting the mass of substances to their molecular quantities.
- The empirical formula represents the simplest ratio of atoms, while the molecular formula indicates the actual number of atoms in a compound.
- Concentration in solutions can be measured in molarity or parts per million, impacting how chemical reactions are understood and analyzed.
Key Concepts
- -- Stoichiometry
- The part of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions.
- -- Mole
- A fundamental unit in chemistry representing 6.02 x 10^23 particles of a substance, used for counting atoms and molecules.
- -- Empirical Formula
- The simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound, derived from experimental data.
- -- Molarity
- A unit of concentration defined as moles of solute per cubic decimeter of solution, commonly used for liquid solutions.
- -- Titration
- A quantitative analytical technique used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution by reacting it with a solution of known concentration.
- -- BeerLambert Law
- A law stating that the absorbance of a solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the absorbing species and the path length through the solution.
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