Chapter 8: Acids and Base
The chapter explores the definitions, strengths, and quantitative measures of acids and bases, including their roles in chemical processes and biological systems. It introduces the Brønsted-Lowry and Lewis theories, explains the behavior of strong and weak acids and bases, and highlights the significance of buffer solutions. Additionally, the chapter covers titrations and calculates the dynamics involved in polyprotic acids.
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What we have learnt
- Acids and bases can be defined using both the Brønsted-Lowry and Lewis theories.
- The strength of acids and bases is determined by their degree of ionization or dissociation in solution.
- Buffer solutions maintain stable pH levels by neutralizing added acids or bases.
Key Concepts
- -- BrønstedLowry Theory
- Defines acids as proton donors and bases as proton acceptors, forming conjugate acid-base pairs.
- -- Lewis Theory
- Expands the definition of acids and bases to include electron pair acceptors and donors.
- -- pH
- A logarithmic measure of hydrogen ion concentration in a solution; lower pH indicates higher acidity.
- -- Buffer Solution
- A solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.
- -- Titration
- A technique used to determine the concentration of a solution by adding a titrant to an analyte.
- -- Polyprotic Acid
- Acids that can donate more than one proton per molecule, having multiple dissociation constants.
Additional Learning Materials
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