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8. Study of Compounds

The chapter explores various compounds, covering their preparation, properties, and uses. Each compound, including Hydrogen Chloride, Ammonia, Nitric Acid, and Sulphuric Acid, has distinct physical and chemical properties with specific applications, especially in industrial chemistry. Key methods of preparation and safety precautions when handling these compounds are also discussed.

Sections

  • 8

    Study Of Compounds

    This section explores key compounds such as Hydrogen Chloride, Ammonia, Nitric Acid, and Sulfuric Acid, including their preparation, properties, and reactions.

    Learning Practice

  • 8a

    Hydrogen Chloride (Hcl)

    This section covers the preparation, properties, and reactions of hydrogen chloride (HCl).

    Learning Practice

  • 8a.1

    Preparation

    This section describes the preparation of hydrogen chloride (HCl) through the reaction of sodium chloride with concentrated sulfuric acid.

    Learning Practice

  • 8a.2

    Properties

    This section discusses the physical and chemical properties of Hydrogen Chloride (HCl), including its behavior in various reactions.

    Learning Practice

  • 8a.2.1

    Physical

    This section covers the physical properties of hydrogen chloride (HCl), emphasizing its characteristics as a colorless gas that is highly soluble in water.

    Learning Practice

  • 8a.2.2

    Chemical

    This section discusses the properties of hydrogen chloride (HCl), including its physical and chemical characteristics, and its reactions with ammonia.

    Learning Practice

  • 8a.3

    Reaction With Ammonia

    This section covers the reaction between hydrogen chloride (HCl) and ammonia (NH3), resulting in the formation of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and white fumes.

    Learning Practice

  • 8b

    Ammonia (Nh₃)

    This section covers the preparation, properties, and applications of ammonia (NH₃).

    Learning Practice

  • 8b.1

    Laboratory Preparation

    This section covers the laboratory preparation of ammonia (NH₃) by heating ammonium chloride with slaked lime.

    Learning

  • 8b.2

    Properties

    This section explores the physical and chemical properties of ammonia (NH₃).

    Learning Practice

  • 8b.2.1

    Physical

    This section covers the physical properties of ammonia (NH₃), highlighting its characteristics and implications in various chemical applications.

    Learning Practice

  • 8c

    Nitric Acid (Hno₃)

    This section covers the preparation, properties, and tests of nitric acid (HNO₃).

    Learning Practice

  • 8c.1

    Laboratory Preparation

    This section discusses the laboratory preparation of nitric acid (HNO₃) through the reaction of potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate with concentrated sulfuric acid.

    Learning Practice

  • 8c.2

    Physical Properties

    This section discusses the physical properties of nitric acid (HNO₃), including its appearance, solubility, and behavior over time.

    Learning Practice

  • 8c.3

    Chemical Properties

    This section discusses the chemical properties of nitric acid (HNO₃), highlighting its acidic and oxidizing traits.

    Learning Practice

  • 8c.3.1

    Decomposition On Heating

    This section discusses the decomposition of nitric acid (HNO₃) on heating, outlining the products formed during this exothermic reaction.

    Learning Practice

  • 8c.4

    Tests

    This section discusses the brown ring test for detecting nitrates using freshly prepared FeSO₄ and H₂SO₄.

    Learning Practice

  • 8d

    Sulphuric Acid (H₂so₄)

    This section details the manufacture, properties, and precautions when handling Sulphuric Acid (H₂SO₄).

    Learning Practice

  • 8d.1

    Manufacture – Contact Process

    The Contact Process is a method for producing sulfuric acid from sulfur dioxide through several chemical reactions.

    Learning Practice

  • 8d.1.1

    Step 1

    This section outlines the manufacture of sulfuric acid through the contact process, detailing the steps and key properties.

    Learning Practice

  • 8d.1.2

    Step 2

    This section focuses on the manufacture of sulfuric acid, its properties, and essential precautions when handling it.

    Learning Practice

  • 8d.1.3

    Step 3

    This section outlines the manufacture process of sulfuric acid through the Contact Process.

    Learning Practice

  • 8d.1.4

    Step 4

    This section details the manufacture, properties, precautions of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄).

    Learning Practice

  • 8d.2

    Properties

    This section discusses the properties of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), emphasizing its physical and chemical characteristics.

    Learning Practice

  • 8d.2.1

    Physical

    This section discusses the physical properties of Sulfuric Acid (H₂SO₄), its characteristics, and relevant safety precautions.

    Learning Practice

  • 8d.2.2

    Chemical

    This section discusses the properties of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), including its physical and chemical characteristics, as well as safety precautions when handling it.

    Learning Practice

  • 8d.3

    Precautions

    This section emphasizes the critical safety guideline of proper acid handling in chemical experiments.

    Learning Practice

References

c8.pdf

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • Hydrogen chloride is prepar...
  • Ammonia, produced by heatin...
  • Nitric acid is a colorless ...

Final Test

Revision Tests

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