8. Study of Compounds
The chapter explores various compounds, covering their preparation, properties, and uses. Each compound, including Hydrogen Chloride, Ammonia, Nitric Acid, and Sulphuric Acid, has distinct physical and chemical properties with specific applications, especially in industrial chemistry. Key methods of preparation and safety precautions when handling these compounds are also discussed.
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8b.1Laboratory Preparation
This section covers the laboratory preparation of ammonia (NH₃) by heating...
What we have learnt
- Hydrogen chloride is prepared from sodium chloride and sulfuric acid and is a colorless gas that forms hydrochloric acid in water.
- Ammonia, produced by heating ammonium chloride with slaked lime, is used in fertilizers and as a refrigerant.
- Nitric acid is a colorless liquid that serves as a powerful oxidizing agent and has specific tests like the brown ring test.
- Sulphuric acid is manufactured via the Contact Process and is a strong dehydrating and oxidizing agent.
Key Concepts
- -- Hydrogen Chloride (HCl)
- A colorless, pungent gas that is highly soluble in water and forms hydrochloric acid.
- -- Ammonia (NH₃)
- A colorless gas that is lighter than air and basic in nature, used in fertilizers and industrial applications.
- -- Nitric Acid (HNO₃)
- A colorless, fuming liquid that serves as a strong oxidizing agent and is used in various chemical reactions.
- -- Sulphuric Acid (H₂SO₄)
- A dense, corrosive liquid used as a strong acid and dehydrating agent, crucial in manufacturing processes.
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