2. Chemical Bonding
Chemical bonding refers to the force that holds atoms together in a compound, primarily aiming to achieve stability through a full outer shell of electrons. Various types of bonds are discussed, including ionic and covalent bonds, each having distinct characteristics and formation processes. The chapter outlines important concepts such as Lewis dot structures, the octet rule, and the significance of bonds in determining the properties of compounds and their behavior in chemical reactions.
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Sections
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What we have learnt
- Chemical bonding is crucial for the stability of compounds.
- Ionic and covalent bonds are the main types of chemical bonds.
- Lewis dot structures help illustrate bonds and electron arrangements.
Key Concepts
- -- Chemical Bonding
- The force of attraction that holds atoms together in a compound.
- -- Ionic Bonding
- A type of bond formed through the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
- -- Covalent Bonding
- A type of bond formed by the sharing of electrons between two atoms.
- -- Lewis Dot Structures
- Diagrams that represent atoms and their valence electrons using dots.
- -- Octet Rule
- Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a full outer shell of eight electrons.
- -- Polar and NonPolar Covalent Bonds
- Refers to the equal or unequal sharing of electrons between atoms in a covalent bond.
- -- Hydrogen Bonding
- A special type of dipole-dipole attraction that occurs when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative atoms.
Additional Learning Materials
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