Typical Materials (5.3.2) - Fabrication Techniques - MEMS
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Typical Materials

Typical Materials

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Interactive Audio Lesson

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Introduction to Surface Micromachining Materials

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Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Today, we're diving into the materials used in surface micromachining. Can anyone tell me what types of materials we typically use for structural layers?

Student 1
Student 1

Is polysilicon one of them?

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Exactly! Polysilicon is a common structural layer material, alongside silicon nitride. These materials create the framework of MEMS devices. Why do you think these materials are chosen?

Student 2
Student 2

Because they have good mechanical properties?

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Correct! Good mechanical properties are crucial for structural integrity. Now, let's talk about sacrificial layers. What are some examples?

Student 3
Student 3

Silicon dioxide and photoresist?

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Well done! Sacrificial layers are essential for creating movable parts in MEMS. Once these layers are etched away, what do we achieve?

Student 4
Student 4

Movable structures or components?

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Exactly! So, to summarize, polysilicon and silicon nitride are structural layers, while silicon dioxide and photoresist are sacrificial layers. This combination allows for complex MEMS designs.

Applications of Surface Micromachining

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Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Now that we've covered the typical materials, let's explore where they're used. Can anyone name a few applications of surface micromachining?

Student 1
Student 1

I think micro gears and actuators are one example.

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Great point! Micro gears and actuators are indeed widely used. What about devices like RF MEMS switches? Why are they important?

Student 2
Student 2

They help in radio frequency applications, right?

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Exactly! RF MEMS switches enhance performance in communication technology. Let's not forget about micromirrors. Can anyone tell me what they do?

Student 3
Student 3

They are used in optical devices, like projectors?

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Correct! Micromirrors play a vital role in dynamic optical systems. So, the overall integration of these materials enables advanced applications across various fields.

Introduction & Overview

Read summaries of the section's main ideas at different levels of detail.

Quick Overview

This section examines the typical materials used in MEMS fabrication, focusing on surface micromachining techniques.

Standard

The section elaborates on the materials, including structural and sacrificial layers, employed in surface micromachining for MEMS devices, highlighting their applications and integration capabilities.

Detailed

Typical Materials

This section delves into the typical materials used in surface micromachining, a key fabrication technique in MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems). In surface micromachining, microstructures are built layer by layer on the substrate's surface, enabling advanced and complex designs.

Key Materials in Surface Micromachining

  • Structural Layers: The most commonly used materials for structural layers include polysilicon and silicon nitride. These materials are deposited on the substrate to form the basic framework of MEMS devices.
  • Sacrificial Layers: Silicon dioxide and photoresist are frequently used as sacrificial layers. These layers play a crucial role in allowing the creation of movable parts by being selectively etched away post-deposition.

Advantages and Applications

Surface micromachining allows for more complex structures compared to other fabrication techniques. It also facilitates the integration of electronic components directly onto the MEMS devices, creating functionalities previously unattainable in standalone platforms. Key applications include:
- Micro gears and actuators
- RF MEMS switches
- Micromirrors used in optical devices

By employing these typical materials, surface micromachining effectively contributes to the advancement of MEMS technology, ensuring diverse applications across multiple industries.

Youtube Videos

LIGA Micromachining Process Overview
LIGA Micromachining Process Overview
LIGA Micromachining Process Overview
LIGA Micromachining Process Overview
Bulk Micromachining | Silicon 100 | MEMS Process | IntelliSuite
Bulk Micromachining | Silicon 100 | MEMS Process | IntelliSuite

Audio Book

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Structural Layers

Chapter 1 of 2

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Chapter Content

  • Structural layers: Polysilicon, silicon nitride

Detailed Explanation

In surface micromachining, structural layers are the materials that provide the main framework for the microstructures being created. Polysilicon is a type of silicon that has been deposited in a specific manner to create thin layers, making it ideal for building components in MEMS due to its mechanical properties. Silicon nitride, another important material, is excellent for its insulating properties and structural strength.

Examples & Analogies

Think of structural layers like the framework of a house. Just like how a house needs a strong framework to support the walls and roof, MEMS devices require strong structural layers to support their mechanical and electrical functions.

Sacrificial Layers

Chapter 2 of 2

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Chapter Content

  • Sacrificial layers: Silicon dioxide or photoresist

Detailed Explanation

Sacrificial layers are layers that are intentionally put in place during the fabrication process and are designed to be removed later. When using silicon dioxide or photoresist as sacrificial materials, these layers are used to create gaps and spaces for moving parts in MEMS devices. Once the structural layers have been formed on top of the sacrificial layers, the sacrificial layers are etched away, leaving behind the desired moving mechanisms.

Examples & Analogies

Imagine building a sandcastle with a mold made of wet sand. The wet sand acts as a temporary structure; once the sandcastle is built and stable, you can remove the mold to create a hollow structure inside. In MEMS, the sacrificial layers serve a similar purpose, creating the internal spaces needed for the device to function properly.

Key Concepts

  • Polysilicon: A key structural material used in MEMS fabrication.

  • Silicon Nitride: A durable and flexible material utilized for structural layers.

  • Sacrificial Layers: Materials like silicon dioxide and photoresist removed to allow for movable components.

  • Application Diversity: The integration of these materials enables advanced functionality across MEMS applications.

Examples & Applications

Micro gears in smartphones that allow for precise motion control.

RF MEMS switches used in communication devices for low-loss signal routing.

Micromirrors in projectors that direct light to create images.

Memory Aids

Interactive tools to help you remember key concepts

🎵

Rhymes

In MEMS, we find with ease, / Polysilicon, structures to please.

📖

Stories

Imagine a factory where workers (structural layers) build the base of toys, and once the toys are ready, they pull out the cardboard boxes (sacrificial layers) that helped shape them.

🧠

Memory Tools

Remember 'PS-SO' for Polysilicon and Silicon Nitride as structural layers; and Silicon Dioxide and Photoresist as sacrificial layers.

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Acronyms

SPS-SO for Structural Polysilicon, Silicon nitride, and Sacrificial Silicon Dioxide, Photoresist.

Flash Cards

Glossary

Polysilicon

A form of silicon used as a structural material in MEMS fabrication.

Silicon Nitride

A chemical compound of silicon and nitrogen, used in MEMS for its strength and flexibility.

Sacrificial Layer

A temporary material that is removed to create movable components in microstructures.

Silicon Dioxide

A common sacrificial layer material used in surface micromachining.

Photoresist

A light-sensitive material used for structuring layers in microfabrication.

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