12. KINETIC THEORY
The chapter delves into kinetic theory, explaining gas behavior based on molecular movement. It discusses the molecular nature of matter, the ideal gas law, and properties of gases, including pressure, temperature, and volume relationships. The law of equipartition of energy is also introduced, highlighting energy distribution among gas molecules, alongside mean free path estimation.
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Sections
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What we have learnt
- Kinetic theory provides a molecular perspective on gas behavior, linking pressure, temperature, and volume.
- The average kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to temperature, offering insights into thermodynamic properties.
- The law of equipartition of energy states that energy is equally distributed among degrees of freedom, impacting specific heat capacities of gases.
Key Concepts
- -- Kinetic Theory
- A theory that explains the behavior of gases in terms of particles in motion, focusing on molecular interactions and energy distribution.
- -- Ideal Gas Law
- An equation relating the pressure, volume, and temperature of an ideal gas, given by PV = nRT.
- -- Mean Free Path
- The average distance a molecule travels between successful collisions with other molecules.
- -- Law of Equipartition of Energy
- A principle stating that energy is shared equally among all accessible degrees of freedom, with each contributing ½ kBT.
Additional Learning Materials
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