10. THERMAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER
This chapter delves into the thermal properties of matter, focusing on heat, temperature, and their measurement. It explains how heat flows between bodies and the various processes involved in energy transfer, including conduction, convection, and radiation. The chapter also covers the concepts of latent heat, thermal expansion, and the ideal gas laws, providing a comprehensive understanding of thermal dynamics.
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What we have learnt
- Heat is energy transferred between systems due to temperature differences.
- Thermometers use measurable properties that change with temperature for accurate readings.
- Latent heat plays a crucial role during phase changes without temperature variation.
Key Concepts
- -- Heat
- A form of energy transferred between systems or surroundings due to temperature differences.
- -- Temperature
- A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance, indicating how hot or cold it is.
- -- Latent Heat
- The amount of heat required to change the state of a substance without changing its temperature.
- -- Thermal Expansion
- The increase in size or volume of a substance as its temperature rises.
- -- Conduction
- A mode of heat transfer through direct contact of particles in a material.
- -- Convection
- The transfer of heat through the movement of fluids caused by density differences.
- -- Radiation
- The transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves, which does not require a medium.
- -- Specific Heat Capacity
- The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of unit mass of a substance by one degree Celsius.
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