9. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS
The chapter provides an in-depth exploration of the mechanical properties of fluids, emphasizing key concepts such as pressure, viscosity, surface tension, and Bernoulli's principle. It highlights the behavior of liquids and gases under different conditions, the principles of fluid dynamics, and real-world applications of these concepts. Understanding these properties is crucial for various scientific and engineering domains.
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What we have learnt
- Fluids have no definite shape and can flow, distinguishing them from solids.
- Pressure in a fluid varies with depth and is the same at a given height in a fluid at rest, as per Pascal's law.
- Bernoulli's principle explains the relationship between pressure and fluid velocity along a streamline.
Key Concepts
- -- Pressure
- Pressure is defined as the force exerted per unit area and is a scalar quantity.
- -- Viscosity
- Viscosity is the measure of a fluid's resistance to deform under shear stress or flow.
- -- Bernoulli's Principle
- Bernoulli's principle states that in a steady flow, the sum of the pressure energy, kinetic energy, and potential energy remains constant along a streamline.
- -- Surface Tension
- Surface tension is the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid due to the cohesive forces between liquid molecules.
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