6. Interphase Mass Transfer – Application to Environmental Interfaces
The chapter delves into the fundamentals of transport phenomena, particularly focusing on molecular diffusion and bulk flow in various environmental systems. It examines how these mechanisms interact in lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater, highlighting scenarios where diffusion predominates over bulk flow and vice versa. Additionally, the discussion includes pollutant transport and the implications for environmental monitoring.
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3.2Case B) Molecular Diffusion Negligible
What we have learnt
- Molecular diffusion and bulk flow are crucial mechanisms in transport phenomena.
- The effectiveness of diffusion and bulk flow varies across different environmental systems.
- Understanding these transport mechanisms is essential for analyzing pollutant transport in lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater.
Key Concepts
- -- Molecular Diffusion
- The process by which molecules spread from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.
- -- Bulk Flow (Advection)
- The movement of fluids that carries solutes or particles with it, often driven by pressure gradients or external forces like wind.
- -- Groundwater Flow
- The natural movement of water through underground aquifers, which can be influenced by soil composition and pressure gradients.
- -- Thermal Convection
- The movement of fluid driven by temperature differences, leading to density variations and circulation.
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