11.3.4.3.3. Displacement due to creation of National Park

When some forests are covered under a National Park, it is a welcome step for conservation of the natural resources. However, it also has a social aspect associated with it which is often neglected.

The establishment of National Parks is important for conserving nature and protecting biodiversity. However, this action often disregards the impact on indigenous or local populations who have lived in these areas for generations. When land is designated as National Park, traditional access for these communities can be restricted or completely removed. This can lead to significant social and economic challenges for the affected individuals.

Imagine a farmer who has cultivated the same plot of land for decades, relying on it for food and income. When that land becomes part of a National Park, the farmer suddenly has no farmland to work. Similar to a family losing their home when a new highway is built, these communities face disruptions that can uproot their ways of life and economies.

A major portion of the forest is declared as core-area, where the entry of local dwellers or tribals is prohibited.

Core areas within National Parks are designated zones where human activity is restricted to protect wildlife and their habitats. Unfortunately, this prevents local communities from accessing resources they traditionally relied on, such as forest products and land for agriculture. The prohibition on access can lead to resentment and economic distress among these populations.

Consider a family that gathers fruits and herbs from their local forest as part of their diet and livelihood. When the forest becomes off-limits, they might find it similar to a chef being told they can no longer enter their own kitchen. This not only threatens their nutritional needs but also their entire way of living.

When these villagers are deprived of their ancestral right or access to forests, they usually retaliate by starting destructive activities.

When local communities lose access to their ancestral lands and forests, they often experience frustration and anger. In desperation, some may turn to illegal activities such as poaching or logging to support their families. A lack of respect and support from authorities can exacerbate this cycle of conflict and environmental degradation.

Think of it like a parent taking away a child's favorite toy without offering an alternative. The child may react by throwing a tantrum or misusing other items out of frustration. Similarly, these communities may feel compelled to act against their environment as a form of protest against their loss.

There is a need to look into their problems and provide them some employment.

Addressing the issues faced by displaced communities due to National Parks involves providing alternative employment opportunities. By developing ecotourism, sustainable harvesting practices, and other forms of livelihood that align with conservation efforts, it can help restore dignity and economic stability for these populations while also benefiting the environment.

Imagine if a local bakery shut down without notice, leaving employees jobless. To assist, the community could open a new bakery that uses local ingredients and hires the former staff, turning a loss into a benefit. By finding new, sustainable roles, displaced community members can help protect their environment while also earning a livelihood.

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