Hydrology & Water Resources Engineering - Vol 3 | 45. Canal Systems by Abraham | Learn Smarter
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45. Canal Systems

Canal systems are crucial for water management, irrigation, and hydroelectric power generation. The chapter covers various classifications of canals based on water source, function, construction, and command area, alongside principles of canal alignment and types of canal losses. Additionally, it elaborates on estimating design discharge and channel design, focusing on both rigid and alluvial channels.

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Sections

  • 1

    Canal Systems

    Canal systems are artificial waterways essential for irrigation, navigation, and hydroelectric power generation, especially in arid regions.

    Learning Practice

  • 1.1

    Classification Of Canals

    This section categorizes canals based on various criteria including source of water, function, lining, and command.

    Learning Practice

  • 2

    Alignment Of Canals

    The alignment of canals is essential for their efficiency, focusing on natural topography and soil conditions to optimize water conveyance.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.1

    Principles Of Canal Alignment

    This section explores the critical principles of canal alignment, emphasizing the importance of topography, soil conditions, and economic factors in designing efficient canal systems.

    Learning Practice

  • 2.2

    Types Of Canal Alignment

    This section discusses various types of canal alignments used in canal systems, each suited to specific geographical features.

    Learning Practice

  • 3

    Canal Losses

    This section discusses various types of losses occurring in canal systems, including seepage, evaporation, absorption, transpiration, and operational losses.

    Learning Practice

  • 3.1

    Types Of Canal Losses

    This section outlines the various types of losses that occur in canal systems, which diminish the effective water availability at outlet points.

    Learning Practice

  • 3.2

    Estimation Of Losses

    This section discusses the estimation of losses in canal systems, focusing on how to calculate seepage losses using empirical formulas.

    Learning Practice

  • 4

    Estimation Of Design Discharge

    This section discusses the estimation of design discharge for canal systems, focusing on various methods used to calculate the maximum flow rate a canal can handle.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.1

    Methods Of Estimating Discharge

    This section details various methods used for estimating the discharge needed for canal systems, focusing on design discharge and its calculations.

    Learning Practice

  • 5

    Design Of Channels

    This section focuses on the design principles for canal channels, covering both rigid and alluvial boundary channels and their key design elements.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.1

    Rigid Boundary Channels

    Rigid boundary channels are non-deformable water conduits that maintain their geometry without sediment transport.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.2

    Alluvial Channels

    Alluvial channels are excavated in sediment-rich soils, adapting over time due to sediment transport, posing unique design and stability challenges.

    Learning Practice

References

Chapter_45_Canal.pdf

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • Canals are classified based...
  • Proper canal alignment is e...
  • Different types of canal lo...

Final Test

Revision Tests