37. Water Requirement of Crops – Crops and Crop Seasons in India
Water is a crucial resource for agricultural production, especially in a country like India where it plays a significant role in irrigation and crop planning. Understanding crop water requirements, seasonal cropping patterns, and methods for estimating irrigation needs is essential for sustainable agricultural practices. This knowledge helps in optimizing water use efficiency and improving crop yield.
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What we have learnt
- Water requirement for crops is influenced by various climatic, crop, and soil factors.
- Different crops have varying water needs and root zone depths, which should be considered in irrigation planning.
- Modern techniques and proper planning can significantly enhance water-use efficiency in agriculture.
Key Concepts
- -- Crop Water Requirement (WR)
- The total quantity of water required by a crop during its entire growth period.
- -- Evapotranspiration (ET)
- The sum of evaporation from the soil surface and transpiration by the plants.
- -- Duty, Delta, and Base Period
- Key components in irrigation management that relate water application to the area irrigated and crop needs.
- -- Water Use Efficiency (WUE)
- The ratio of crop yield to the amount of water used, indicating how effectively water is utilized in crop production.
- -- Effective Rainfall (ER)
- The portion of rainfall that is usable by crops, excluding losses due to runoff and deep percolation.
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